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| combatant2 = | commander1 = | commander2 = | strength1 = Germany: 337,096 875 tanks 990 aircraft Italy: 22 divisions 666 aircraft Hungary: 9 brigades 6 air squadrons | strength2 = 700,000 (400,000 of which were poorly trained) 110–200 tanks (50–54 of which were modern) 405–450 front-line aircraft (220–340 of which were modern) | casualties1 = Germany: 151 killed 392 wounded 15 missing 40 aircraft shot down Italy: 3,324 killed or wounded 10+ aircraft shot down, 22 damaged. Hungary: 120 killed 223 wounded 13 missing 7 aircraft shot down | casualties2 = Thousands of civilians and soldiers killed 254,000–345,000 captured by Germans, 30,000 by Italians 49 aircraft shot down, 103 pilots and aircrew killed 210–300 aircraft captured 3 destroyers and 3 submarines captured | campaignbox = }} The invasion of Yugoslavia, also known as the April War (, (クロアチア語:Travanjski rat)) or Operation 25, was a German-led attack on the Kingdom of Yugoslavia by the Axis powers which began on 6 April 1941 during World War II. The order for the invasion was put forward in "Führer Directive No. 25", which Adolf Hitler issued on 27 March 1941, following the Yugoslav coup d'état. The invasion commenced with an overwhelming air attack on Belgrade and facilities of the Royal Yugoslav Air Force (VVKJ) by the Luftwaffe (German Air Force) and attacks by German land forces from southwestern Bulgaria. These attacks were followed by German thrusts from Romania, Hungary and the Ostmark. Italian forces were limited to air and artillery attacks until 11 April, when the Italian army attacked towards Ljubljana (in modern-day Slovenia) and through Istria and Lika and down the Dalmatian coast. On the same day, Hungarian forces entered Yugoslav Bačka and Baranya, but like the Italians they faced practically no resistance. A Yugoslav attack into the northern parts of the Italian protectorate of Albania met with initial success, but was inconsequential due to the collapse of the rest of the Yugoslav forces. The invasion ended when an armistice was signed on 17 April 1941, based on the unconditional surrender of the Royal Yugoslav Army, which came into effect at noon on 18 April. Yugoslavia was then occupied and partitioned by the Axis powers. Some areas of Yugoslavia were annexed by neighboring Axis countries, some areas remained occupied, and in other areas Axis puppet states such as the Independent State of Croatia (, or NDH) were created. Along with Italy's stalled invasion of Greece on 28 October 1940, and the German-led invasion of Greece (Operation ''Marita'') and invasion of Crete (Operation ''Merkur''), the invasion of Yugoslavia was part of the German Balkan Campaign (). ==Prelude== In October 1940, Fascist Italy had attacked the Kingdom of Greece only to be forced back into Albania. German dictator Adolf Hitler recognised the need to go to the aid of his ally, Italian dictator Benito Mussolini. Hitler did this not only to restore diminished Axis prestige, but also to prevent the United Kingdom from being able to bomb the Romanian oilfields from which Nazi Germany obtained most of its oil. Following agreements with Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria that they would join the Axis, Hitler put pressure on Yugoslavia to join the Tripartite Pact. The Regent, Prince Paul of Yugoslavia and his cabinet, succumbed to this pressure on 25 March 1941. This move was unpopular with the Serb-dominated officer corps of the military and some segments of the public: a large part of the Serbian population, as well as liberals and communists. A coup d'état was launched on 27 March 1941 by mainly Serb military officers, and the Regent was replaced on the throne by the under-age prince, who was declared of age and proclaimed King Peter II of Yugoslavia. Upon hearing news of the coup in Yugoslavia, Hitler called his military advisers to Berlin on 27 March. On the same day as the coup he issued Führer Directive 25 which called for Yugoslavia to be treated as a hostile state. Hitler took the coup as a personal insult, and was so angered that he was determined, in his words, "to destroy Yugoslavia militarily and as a state" (''Jugoslawien militärisch und als Staatsgebilde zu zerschlagen''), and to do so "without waiting for possible declarations of loyalty of the new government". On 1 April Yugoslavia redesignated its Assault Command as the Chetnik Command, after the Serb guerrilla forces from World War I which had resisted the Central Powers. The command was intended to lead a guerrilla war should the country be occupied. Its headquarters was transferred from Novi Sad to Kraljevo in south-central Serbia on 1 April. On 2 April, the German ambassador having already been recalled for "talks", the remaining embassy staff were ordered to leave the capital and to warn the embassies of friendly nations to likewise evacuate. This sent the unmistakable message that Yugoslavia was about to be invaded. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Invasion of Yugoslavia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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